This GearHead page was originally compiled around 2001 to 2005, using generously crowd-sourced measurements. Many of the companies listed (and the links to the contributors) have been gone for years (Hi Minolta!). The list is still hosted here but rarely expanded. If you’re really in doubt, just get yourself a new Big Godox or Tiny Fuji and be very happy. The old and flexible Contax TLA 360 can be had for a steal, these days.

Is your old flash unit safe to use on your new electronic camera?

Some older strobes (and infrared strobe triggers) use high voltages in the trigger circuit. For mechanical cameras, this is fine — but many newer, electronically-driven or digital cameras can be damaged by excessive strobe voltages.

How much is too much? What voltage might my own strobe generate? This page tries to help answer those questions. It contains a table of strobe trigger voltages, a few measured by myself but most contributed by readers of this site, along with some information about specific camera makes and the strobes that light them… first cameras, then strobes.

Camera Info (as of around 2005)

Canon US has verified (to me, and here) that the Powershot G doesn’t like voltages over 6V.

Similarly, Nikon has specified 12V for their speedlight circuits… (though reader Steve Francesoni called Nikon.uk to check, and their tech rep said that his N80 was good to 250V — so there may be more complexity to this story). I’ve heard some rumours that some Coolpix models have been restricted to 5V! (see below for more details)

Marco Fortin-Metzgen checked with Olympus Europe on his C4040 — that digicam has a trigger voltage of 10V, so Olympus too recommends strobe triggering in the 3V to 6V range.

Pentax users may want to read this related story from Gene Poon.

Ron Alexander claims his Fuji is astonishingly tolerant of high voltages… interesting (This has since been verified by Rob Scrimgeour of the FujiGroup.net forum — their members got a message from Fuji also stating the 400V center pin limit).

(According to some opinions, high voltages can even endanger mechanical cameras, albeit after years of use)

The ISO 10330 specification (“Photography – Synchronizers, ignition circuits and connectors for cameras and photoflash units – Electrical characteristics and test methods,” 1992) says that all ISO-compliant cameras should be able to accept trigger voltages up to 24V. Though a Canon engineer is the nominal head of the ISO workgroup, for some reason Canon continues to insist that their cameras tolerate no more than 6V (make that Canon USA — an email from Canon Canada says: “There is not a maximum voltage requirement for the hot shoe terminal on the PowerShot G1.” Go fig!). For that reason I’ve tagged strobes that trigger at voltages between 6V and 24V as “Your Call.” Depending upon who you ask — the camera or strobe manufacturers — those strobes are acceptable or they are not.

The ISO spec doesn’t really seem to hold a lot of weight!

---

The Strobe List

Mfgr	Model	Safe	Trigger Voltage
Achiever	TZ250	Yes(?)	A mere 0.5V (!), measured (with some due incredulity!) by Russ Kendall, Göran Samuelsson reported 8.5V on his test
	115 A/S	Your Call	A mere 2V, reported by “KC”, but 10.6V from Paul Turton
	TZ 250	Your Call	8.5V, also reported by “KC”
	260AF	Yes	A mere 3V, measured by Jeremy Tan, (Note this is not the Achiever 260T)
	DZ260	Yes	A mere 3.4V, measured by Paul Achary, (Same as the Acheiver 260AF)
	260T	No	220V, reported by “KC” and 253V from Mike Marty
	321AZ	No	297.6V, measured by David Gonzalez
	632LCD	Yes	~4.7, measured by Tanguy Kervahut
Agfatronic	2A	No	185V-210V, measured by Juha Kopsa
	201B	No	80.3V, measured by Oliver Karstens
	240B	No	238V reported by EJ Boeve
	261CB	No	64V reported by Stephan Kruisman
	280VB	No	50+V reported by Amders Gidenstam
	383 CS	Your Call	6.5V reported by Oliver Schrinner
	401BCS	No	212V, measured by Martin Stein
	643CS	Your Call	6.3V & 6.7V measured on two different strobes by Craig Schroeder
Albinar	90 MDT	Yes (?)	3.2V, measured by Wirak Lim but without any luck using it with a G1
	100 MDT-Twin	Yes	3.02V, measured by Richard Moore
Argus	Automatic 9138	No	270V, measured by Rich Grochowski
Armatar	90 MDT	Your Call	10V, measured by Tony Bonanno
Ascor, Light	CD2400	Your Call	14.5V from WDFlannery
Balcar	Super A2400	No	202V & reverse polarity reported by Bakó Imre
Bauer	E528 AB	No	253V, measured by “Grigory” in Belarus
Blacks	DZ 40	Your Call	8V, measured by Rob Thacker
	TDZ 120	Yes	2.6V, measured by Paul Clements
	DM360BT	Yes	4V, measured by David Treble
Braun	Hobby	No	225V, from Göran Samuelsson
	28	No	220V, measured by Ernst Albert
	32M	Yes	2.56-3.56V, measured by “laaarrd”
	34	Your Call	11.7V, measured by Ted Coffey
	F34	No	160.55V, measured by Alan Buckbee
	38 M Logic	Your Call	7.5V, measured by Panu L
	280BVC	Your Call	13.6V, measured by Jean Taillon
	320BVC	Your Call	6.7V, measured & reported by Lars Hanssen
	VarioZoom 340 SCA	Yes	4.0V-4.3V, depending on battery type, measured and reported by Kai Ingman
	370BVC	Your call	21.1V, measured by Hannu Martiskin, 20.5V from Göran Samuelsson
	380BVC	Your call	11.6V, measured by Peter Savage
	400M Logic	Your call	7.6V measured by Harmut Gruenhagen
	410VC	Your call	21.4V measured by Stephan Bruckmann
	420BVC	Your Call	11.6V, measured by Jean Taillon
	440VC	Your call	16V measured by Ulrich Höxtermann
Britek	AS-36	Yes	5.3V measured by Peter P
	SP 250 Monolight	Your Call	6.7V measured by “Everett”
Broncolor	Pulso 4	Your call	6.5-10.8V depending on the charge, according to Leon Obers
	one channel IR transmitter	Your call	13.5V, per Leon Obers, Fred Phillips reported just 3.2V
Paul Buff, (White Lightning)	Radio Remote 1, Transmitter	Yes	4.84V reported by Bryce Turner
	Remote RC-1	Your call	(same part?) 9.23V, measured by Jan C. Doddy
	UltraZap	Yes	6V spec reported by Peter Timaratz, (though sync with G1 is dicey), Ed White reported varying results, from 4.8V to 13.3V on his Ultra Zap 800, according to the power settings
	Ultra 600	Your call	9.3-13.6V, measured by Bryce Turner on multiple units
	Ultra 1200	Your call	10.02V, measured by Jan C. Doddy
	10000	Your call	24.1V, per Toney Hall
Calumet (Bowens)	PS	No	30V according to Bob Atkin’sEOS FAQ
	Monolite 400	No	170V per Teemu Virtanen
	Traveller	No	15V (EOS FAQ)
Canon	220EX, 380EX, 420EX, 550EX	Yes	All less than 6V (Per Canon and verified by Benny Khaw). These are the strobes specified by Canon for the Powershot, More info Here
	ML-3	Yes	4.99V measured by Kevin Omura, full power only — and wouldn’t trigger on the D30
	011A	Your Call	16.9V measured by Derek Woodlands
	AB56	Your Call	7.8V measured by Bharat Mistry
	133A	Your Call	6.1V per Gerardo Nieto
	155a	Your Call	8.2-8.7V measured by Bart Harrison, (6.04V reported by Kevin Omura)
	166A	Yes	4.33V per Kevin Omura
	177A	Your call	6.77V per Ed Hahn
	188A	Yes	4.1V per Gerardo Nieto
	199a	Yes	4.99V measured - Canon rated it 6V
	200E	Yes	~3.9V measured by Maarten Klap
	200M	Your Call	12.3V measured by Tony Williams
	244T	Yes	4.33-4.44V measured by Daniel Griswell
	277T	Yes	4.8V measured by Dan Karg
	299T	Yes	4.75V measured by Alec Hipwell
	300EZ	Yes, (See Note)	3.6V, measured by Eric Jones. Sadly, Canon’s “EZ” and “EX” flash units use different TTL schemes. Despite the nearly-identical names, the “EZ” strobes (which use a system called “A-TTL”) can only be used as full-power-manual strobes with pure E-TTL cameras like the G1/G2 or the D30.
	300TL	Yes	3.75V measured by Kevin Omura, (manual only)
	420EZ	Yes, (See Note)	4V, measured by Joe Filer, 4.71V with a Quantum battery per Kevin Omura. (See note for 300EZ above)
	533g	Yes?	4.95V measured by Pierre Hurtubise, but it doesn’t seem to fire…, Kevin Omura also reports G2 problems with this unit
	577G	Yes	4.7V measured by Kevin Omura, and tested on a G2 (in manual and auto thyristor modes)
Centon	FG20	No	275V, according by Mike Johnson in London
	MR20 Ringflash	Yes	4.38V, measured by Geoff Kitt
	FG30	No	~200V, according by Harvey Shieff
	FG30DX	Yes	3-6V, according by Iam Hill
	FH30	Yes	~4V, according by Steve Orton (who opened up his to disconnect the dedicated Ricoh pins for use on his Olympus)
	FH85	Yes	3-4V, according by Dave Anderton
	FH95	Yes	~5V, according by Philip Bennett
	FG105D	Yes	~5-6V, according by Tom Sou — but, he also reported spotty performance with the newest EOS cameras (a polarity issue?)
Cinon	Pro 1090C	No	180V, measured by Göran Samuelsson
Chinon	S-250, Zoom	Yes	5.17V, reported by Scott Martin
	AF280 TTL	Yes	5.3V, reported by “Mike from Germany”
	S-300	Your call	11V, reported by “emitc”
Cobra	Auto 250	No	66V measured by Susan Stewart
	440AF	Yes	3.5V, reported by Richard Lukey
	D650	Yes	5.6V, reported by Russell Garner
	700AF	Yes	4.4V, reported by “John-M”
Comet	CX244	No	11V (EOS FAQ) Tony Wu also called Comet’s distributor, who measured 11.5V for him, right there on the phone! (now that’s service!)
Contax	TLA20	Yes	~4V, reported by Peter Dewdney
	TLA 30	Yes	A trifling 2V, reported by Brad Grigor, (watch out for those extra pins…)
	TLA200	Yes	~4.11V, reported by EJ Haas
Courtenay	ColorFlash 2	Your Call	17.12V reported by Charles Ward, (who reports problems using a Monolta 9xi — might be polarity?)
Cullman	SL 16	Yes	4.5V, measued by Frank Gaehler
	SL28	Yes	4.3-5.2V, measured by Juha Kopsa
	SL 28/C[br>(same?)	Your marginal call	6.3V, measured by Tom Crowning
	34 AF/C	Yes	4.47V, measured by Oliver Karstens
	CX40	Yes	4.3-5.2V, also per Tom Crowning
	MD 34S	Yes	5.92V, measued by Michael Neuhaus
	DC36	Yes	2.52V, also by Frank Gaehler
Digislave	2000	No	200V measured by Rich Scarlet
	3000	Yes	7V measured by Rich Scarlet
Dynalite	Any	Iffy?	10V (EOS FAQ)
Elinchrom	(various)	Your Call	9V these days, but back over 20 years they ran as high as 30V, according to Elinchrom Customer Service via Tony Wu
Falcon Eyes	DE 250	Your Call…	-14.5V, center negative; measuered by Martin Sørenson, who had no luck firing it from a 300D
Fuji	GA	Yes	3.52V, reported by EJ Haas
	FLMX29	No	216V, measured by “Tom on AOL”
GMI	Infrared transmitter	No	324V, measured by Sandy Levenberg, (just for IR?)
Hanimex	TZ*2	No	225V measured by Simon Heath
	TZ36	Yes	4.6V measured by David Cox
	TX325	Yes	3V measured by Ulrich H&omlu;xterman
	CX440	No	180V measured by “Dave L”
	Pro 550	No	234V measured by R. Prieto
	TZ755CP	Yes	4.5V measured by Mike Mahoney
	TS855	No	209V measured by Jonathom Holtom
	tZ2500	No	196V measured by Alastair Cardwell
Hensel	Contra 500	Your Call	16.3V @10microAmps for all output ranges, as measured and reported by Jan de Vreij Dwingeloo
	Super Miniflash 500	No	41.2V per “Mike from Germany”
	2-channel IR trigger	Your Call	17V per Teemu Virtanen
Hitacon	Mini	No	190V measured by BigWaveDave
Holgon	2800 HC	Yes	~5.4V measured by Whay Lee
Honeywell	Auto Strobolite 52	No	115V as measured and reported by Karl Haug
	Strobonar 892S	Yes	A tiny 1.25V (!?), measured by Neil Viglione, (who had to reverse the shoe polarity)
Ikelite	Substrobe 50	Yes	5.28V from Harold Kroeker
	Substrobe DS-125	Yes	5.14V, also from Harold Kroeker
Image	CBD-30	Yes	2.9V, measured by Ray Watson
	CZ-65	No	201V from Dave Stacey
	CBZ-2500	Yes	3V from “Kelvin”
Itorex	3000Tw	Your Call…	23V, reported by Asle Feten
Jessop	220TBZ	No	212V measured by David Aldred
	280ABZ	No	70V measured by “TomCee” Cramer, 249V from Mark Butler
Kakonet	4500	No	210V measured by Aapo Tammisto
Kalimar	171A	No	238V measured by Ted Coffey
	175A	Your Call	4-5V measured by Michael Meissner, but 183V measured by Derek Misener…
	TW-3600	Yes	5.71V measured by Tom Altman
Kenlock	TV45	Your call	10V measured by Barry Maufe
Kitstar	50BC	No	160V measured by Greg Bloor
KMart	Pro-700	No	229V measured by Bob Rinelli
Kodak	Gear Auto	No	222.1V, measured by Steve Spartz
	80030 (made by Tiffen)	No	235.6V, measured by Jim Gatling
Konica	Hexar HX-14	Yes	5.89V, reported by EJ Haas
	Hexar HX-18W	Your Call	8.4V measured by Craig Schroeder
Leica	CF	Your Call	10-11V measured by Joe Lim
Lumedyne	All	Your call	12V since 1992, about 100V before, reported; DIRECT INFO FROM LUMEDYNE at the bottom of this page
Luxon	132 AFc	Yes	1.23V(!) measured by Tarmo Pekola
Metz	20 B3	Nope	168V reported by Gerardo Nieto
	20BC4	No	185V reported by Göran Samuelsson
	20BC-6	Yes	<5V per Metz-Werke, reported by Duncan Burt
	23BC4	No	183V reported by Frantisek Daniel
	28C-2	Yes	<5V per Metz-Werke, reported by Duncan Burt
	30B3	No	170V tested by Jussi Ohenjoa
	30BCT4	No	68V reported by Peter Cooke &, 165V from Paul Nelson, 172V from Vic
	30BCT4i	Your Call	7.4V reported by Jose Carlos Fernández but:, 173V reported by Göran Samuelsson
	32CT3	Iffy	22V with new batteries, reported by Rupert Vogl
	32CT4	Iffy	12V reported by Lwo v IJzendoorn
	32CT7	Yes(?)	2.88V, reported by Geoffrey Chan, 5.5V from “Mike in Germany”, and, 9.25V from Craig Lapp
	32MZ3	Yes	3.3V, reported by Samuli Vahonen
	32 Z-1	Yes	3.46V, reported by Johan K in the Netherlands, 4V from “KC”
	32 Z-2	Yes	4.086V, reported by Joe Lim
	34BCT2	No	211V, reported by Egbert Nolte
	36C-2	Yes	6V, reported by “Alex from Italy”
	36CT3	Iffy	20.9V, reported by Frank Melchinger
	38CT3	Iffy	6.5V, reported by Kai Dröge
	40AF-4C	Yes	4.4V, reported by Robert Elsinga
	40MZ-2	Yes	4.74V, reported by Benny Khaw &, 4.5V from “Mike in Germany”
	40MZ3i	Yes	4.5V, reported by Ismail Mus
	45CL1	Your Call	7.6V, measured by Jeffrey Gillian, (though Metz specs this unit at 6V, and assures us it’s EOS-safe — while recommending a better E-TTL unit for best performance with the 300D, like the 54 MZ-3)
	45CL4	Your Call	16.85-16.88V measured by Lee Phek Thong;, Teemu Virtanen measured 14V and, spoke to Metz directly about their newest G2 adapter
	45CT1	No	600V, (Göran Samuelsson measured merely 218V on his, as did Toney Hall — multiple versions?) – See this page for special info from Metz:, http://www.metz.de/1_metz_2000/m_pages_english/, main_index_e.php3?link=4&sub=1&linkname=mecablitz, (Thanks Mike Guidry for the tip on this one!)
	45CT4	Your Call…	14V with NiCds, reported by Peter Andersen, 25V measured by Frank Melchinger… (different editions?), and Anders Lilja reported 24.7V, but it dropped to a safe 4.56V when connected to the Metz Adaptor SCA311, 12.7V from “Mike in Germany”
	45CT5	Your Call	14.8V from “Mike in Germany”
	45MZ-2	Yes	5V
	50MZ-5	Yes	2.6V from Trevor Connell
	54MZ-3	Yes	4.17V from Paul Schuurmans
	56-1	No	211V from Woo Fei Wing
	60CT1	Your Call	20.89V measured by Loring Palleske
	60CT2	Probably Not	28.5 measured by Rupert Vogl
	60CT4	Yes	5V (EOS FAQ)
	202	No	200V according to Peter Sanders
	402	No	206V on this circa-1974 strobe, according to “ejb” from the UK
	404	No	80.2V from “Mike in Germany”
	2034BC	No	207V from Ernst Albert
Minolta	Auto 22	No	240.1 measured by Derek Woodlands
	Auto 25	No	210V measured by Steven Ferland
	Auto 28	No	200V according to Wes Quigley, only 43V from Gene West
	Auto 32	No	192V measured by Rob Babcock
	Auto 128	No	297V according to Ed White
	132PX	Your Call/No	20-30V per Minolta Customer Service, courtesy Karen Wetterling
	132X	Yes	2.2V per SJ Chandler
	Auto200X	Yes(?)	2.9V per Brian Klug,, but 6.7-6.9V per W.S. Ryu
	Auto280PX	Yes	1.8V (!) per Richard Crow
	Auto320X	Your call	10.44V, measured by Thomas Whitehurst, but varying 5.4-8.9V according to Ian Hamilton
	Auto360PX	Yes	5.24V per “Nahau”
	1800AF	Yes	A mere 1.88V per Lieven Blancke & Mark Ball
	2800AF	Yes	1.74V, per Manuel V. Galang, 1.65V from Jeroen Haringman
	3500xi	Yes	1.88V, also tested by Manuel V. Galang, who reported good manual success with his G2
	3600HSD	Yes	3.5V, per Toney Hall
	4000 AF	Yes	1.85-2.5V, per Mark Vinsen
	5400HS	Yes	4.7V, measured by Hardeep
Minox	FC35	No	131V reported by Poul Bekker-Hansen
	MF35	No	194V reported by Göran Samuelsson
	TC35	No	170V reported by Poul Bekker-Hansen
Miranda	ZF-3 Zoom	No	246V, measured by Rich Grochowski
	630 CD	Your Call	8.14-8.30V, measured by Robin Taylor
	930 TCD	Your Call	6.5V, measured by Tony Williams
Multiblitz	Varilux 1000S	Your Call…	6.5V, measured by Frank van der Pol
National, (Panasonic)	PE-20S	No	6.16V, per Akira So
	PE-170	No	120V, measured by Nelson Pomeroy
	PE-205	No	155V, per Mike Flynn
	PE-256	No	270V from Piotr Szuszniak
	PE-287S	Your Call	8.3V measured by Kjetil Kling Ortveit
	PE-300	No	33V measured by Kari Monkala
	PE-380	Your Call	10.1V, measured by “Thierry”
	PE-387S	Your Call	7.8V, per Alain Gleyzes
	PE-480 SG, Hammerhead	Your Call	8.4V, measured by Les Lacey
	PE-3057	Your Call	10.44V, per Luigi
	PE-3550	Nope	32V, per Harry Malmelin
	PE-3557	Your Call	9.7V, per Robert Lee
Nikon	SB-8E	Iffy	21-28.4V, measured by Don Knull
	SB-10	Yes	5.11V measured by Danny Manchester
	SB-15	Yes	1.55, per Teemu Vertinen, a little higher (4.25V) for Paul Crane &, 3.4V from Jack McDermott
	SB-16	Yes	4.14V, per Harry Malmelin
	SB-18	Yes	4.6V, per Joel Elias
	SB-20	Yes	5.5V, per Nikon (via “Stuart”)
	SB-21B	Yes	4.6V, per Bernd Pickahn
	SB-22S	Yes	4.9-5.3V, per Leon Obers
	SB-23	Yes	5.2V & 5.5V on the units tested by Göran Samuelsson
	SB-24	Yes	3.8V & 4.4V, agains tested by Göran Samuelsson, 5.4V from Don Swanson
	SB-25	Yes	3.68V, per Colin Ethington, even less (2V) for Fred Phillips
	SB-26	Yes	5.4V measured on a matched pair by Dave Tinsley, only 1.4V per Andrew Cassino
	SB-27	Yes	4.42-4.50V, per Paul Johnson
	SB-28, and, SB-28DX	Yes	1.5V, per Bharat Mistry a bit higher — 3.48V — from Patrick Hopkins —, Jeff Macwright got 2.8V from his SB-28DX
	SB-30	Yes	4.5-4.6V, per Jack Azud
	SB-50DX	Yes	5-6V, reported by Nikon to Howard Forbes
	SB-80DX	Yes	4.23-4.29V, measured by Dave Tewksbury
Nishika	Twin Light 3010	Nope	307V, measured by Brian Lindley
Nissin	Digislave	No	200V measured by Juha Kopsa
	EF20	No	180V & 185V measured by Göran Samuelsson
	21-A Auto	No	130V, measured by Hans de Ru
	26T	No	227V, per David Peat
	28TX	Your call	7.5V, per David Aldred
	280XP	Your call	9V, per “BcBn”
	Auto 300Z	Yes	Only 2V, measured by Gary Wong
	340T	No	190V measured by Eric Lejon
	360TW	Your Call	10.1V-10.5V, per Samuli Vahonen
	360WX Digital	Your call	10.5V, per Hannu Martiskin
	360X	Your Call	10V from Woo Fei Wing
	2800G	No	137V from James Tom
	4500 GTE	Yes	4.6V from Bill Otto
	4800 GT	Yes	4.55V using NiMHs, per Leon Obers
Norman	24/24 pack	Your Call	11.8V measured by Phil Shima
	200B (Series 450)	No	100V, measured by Steve Wise, though, Brian Leonard got only 29V…
	400B	Your Call	10.25V, measured by Jan C. Doddy,, who found he had to flip polarity for it to function with his D-60
	Superlight 800	Your Call	14.15V according to Phil Shima, (who mentioned it blew-out the sync circuit.. in a Leica M6!?! (amperage? polarity?))
	P2000D Pack	No	48V, measured by Peter (“gicleeman”)
Novatron	M-500	Your Call	7.5V measured by Lonnie Harrison
	600VR Power Pack	Your Call	12V according to Novatron, per Neil Lubin, Novatron will modify this pack to 6V for $15
	1000 Pack	Your Call	9.8V measured by Pat Taber
Olympus	T18	Your call	4.8-8.5V, measured by “Andy”
	OM T-20	Your call	5-7.4V as it charged, measured by Brian Zimmerman, only 2.6v from Greg Clark, who also, has a few thoughts about varying voltage results
	OM T-32	Your call	7.14V/8.4V, measured by J. Mark Morris/Russ Rosener, 9.5-11.3V from Tom Mac Inerney
	FL-40	Yes	3V, measured by Harry M. Fetterman Jr
	PS200	No	185V, measured by Stuart Lovell
Osram	BCS25 Studio	No	245V, according to Göran Samuelsson, 168V & 176V, measured from two different strobe units by Craig Schroeder (see below)
	BD25 Studio	Yes	4.5V, measured by Craig Schroeder
	VS340	Yes	5.3V, measured by Craig Schroeder
	Sunny Boy	No	188V measured by Craig Schroeder
Pentax	AF-16	Yes	5V, measured by K.B. Lee
	AF160	Yes	3.8V, measured by Gary Schaker for his 300D
	AF200SA	Your Call	7.65-7.72V, measured by Bill Miller
	AF200T, AF280T	Your Call	7.8V according to Pentax, and reported by John Glover
	AF240Z	Yes	4.8V, measured by Richard Hartland
Phoenix, Phenix	BIF 82c	Yes	6.0V, measured by Greg Clark
	D79-BZS	Yes	Around 3.5-6V, reported by Phoenix Corp, and checked by “Tom”
	BIF 82N	Yes	5.5V, measured by Steve Spartz
	HMS-98T	No	250V, measured by Justin Kuo
Philips	16B	No	252V, according to Arnoud Brouwer
	18	No	218V, also according to Arnoud Brouwer
	25B	No	65V, according to Theo Lumens
	P32GTC	No	300V per Arnoud Brouwer
	P36CTL	Yes	5.2V measured by Bernd Schumacher
	P36TLS	Yes	4.3V measured by Arnoud Brouwer, and 5.64V from J.E. St-Laurent
	P536G	Yes	4.37-4.81V, measured by Fritz Washburn, using Philips’s Canon A-series hotshoe
Photogenic	AA-01A	Your Call	10.3V per Jim Ngo
	DR-1250	Yes	~3-4V measured by Richard Davis, (mail signed “John Smith”?)
Popular	606	No	61-71V, measured by Harry Malmelin
Posso	Multi, Dedicated, ATD 25	Your Call	6.8V, measured by Pedro Gordinho
Praktica	B32LCD	Yes	4V, according to Praktica in Dresden &, forwarded by Anton Haakman
	321A	No	114V, measured by Jeroen Haringman
	1600A	No	222V, measured by Jonathan Holtom
			Bauke Coperus points out that Praktica also relabels Achiever strobes
Prinz	Jupiter 677TCB	No	260V measured by Mark Salik
Profoto	Compact Plus	Your Call	23V for the 600ws unit, according to Loring Palleske —, which fits the 22-25V range reported by Profoto Customer Service and forwarded by Tony Wu
Promaster	FM600	No	196V reported by “Tom on AOL”
	FM 1000	No	258V also reported by “Tom on AOL”
	FT1700	Your Call	6V according to Promaster, 207V as metered by Steve Seltzer, though “Tom on AOL” got 289V!
	FTD 5200	Yes	4-5V metered by Raymond Smiley
	FTD 5500	Yes	~5V metered by Mark A. Serfozo
	FTD 5750	Yes	3.95V metered by Jimmy Chancey
	5900	Yes	5.5V metered by Don Swanson
	FTD 5950	Yes	5.12V metered by Jim Horky
	7000M	Yes	3.0V, measured by Dennis Yep
Promatic	FTD 4000	Yes(?)	6.16V, reported by Tom Deluca
Quantaray	PZ-1	Yes	(also known as the SUNPAK 400AF), <5V, according to Harold Lacadie
	QB-350A	No	130V, according to Joel Kiblen
	QB-SZ370	Yes	5.87V, according to Chris Joubert
	QB-350A	No	317V/290V, according to Adam Miller/Neil Viglione
	QB-383 Super	Yes	3.83V, according to Thom Doonan, who suspects it’s a re-labeled Sunpak 383
	QB-6500A	Yes	4.3V, reported by Don Thompson
	QAF-6600	Yes	3V, reported by Francois Candela, 5.14V from Keith L. (Rupe) Rupert
	QTB 7500A	Yes	~5V, reported by Mike Mantoudis
	QTB 9500A	Yes	4.93V, reported by Larry Haas
Quantum	QFlash T2	Your Call	8V, reported by “Joel,”, who also had a talk to Quantum about flash safety and EOS cameras, and Jan C. Doddy
	4 Radio Slave[br>(older?)	Your Call	6.8V, reported by Jeff MacWright (who also had a 4i)</a>
	4i Radio Transmitter	Your Call	8.45V, reported by “Lad”, 7.5V from Toney Hall, and 8.71V from Jan C. Doddy
	Radio Slave II	Your Call	5-6V, measured by “Lloyd”, aka “Sparky”, 8.98V from Bryce Turner
Raynox	DC-303	No	254V, measured by Mika Yrjola
Regula	Variant 740-1	Your Call	13.4V, measured by Lukasz Wysokinski
Revue	C35S	Your Call	10.58V measured by DJ Szegecs
	C4500	No	230V measured by Fred Huttinga
Ricoh	323	Your Call	10.25V, measured by “Piotrek”
Rokinon	3600	Your Call…	24V, center positive; reported by Peter Ungar, who also reported that a Canon G1 wouldn’t fire it
Rollei	100 XLC	Nope	325V, reversed polarity, according to Gerardo Nieto, &, 356V from Robin Taylor
	134B	No	105V, measured by Olaf Ulrich
	Beta 3	No	116V, measured by Craig Schroeder
Sigma	EF 430	Yes	10-13V, measured by Dennis Deblois, only 4.63V from Tom Helge Hjørnevik
	EF 500 Super	Yes	5.9V, measured by Lou McLaughlin
Soligor	MK-2	No	230V, measured by Rich Grochowski
	MK-24AS	No	37-41V, measured by Michel Blanchet
	30DA	Yes	5.25V, measured by Greg Clark
	MZ-400AF	Yes	~4V, measured by Jouni Pekkanen
SP, Systems	Excalibur 3200, Excalibur 6400	Your Call	8.4V, reported by Chris Rocca
	150	Yes	6V from Ted Coffey
	920MDLVP	Your Call	8.4V from Ted Coffey
Speedotron	D604	No	64V (EOS FAQ)
	D802	No	69.7V from Don Swanson
	1205CX	No	60-70V per Speedotron customer service, and forwarded by Tom Bolton.<p> Speedotron makes a low-voltage afdapter, part #35248, with MSRP $36
	2403CX	No	66V (EOS FAQ)
	2405CX	No	70V reported by EOS Paul Chaplo, M.F.A. — whose dealer promptly put Safe Syncs on all their rental units
Spiratone, (Adorama)	Spira-Lite Sr	No	186.9V measured by Don Swanson
	SS600 AC	No	219V from Craig Schroeder
SR, Electronics	DSF-1	No	218V, reported by “Brian Z”, who also built this adapter
	Digi-Slave Pro	Yes	5V, reported by SR Inc via Paul Parlee
	Digi-Slave Deluxe 2000	Your Call	15V, reported by SR Inc via Paul Parlee
	Digi-Slave Deluxe 3000	Your Call	7.8V, reported by SR Inc via Paul Parlee
Starblitz	16 M Slave	No	170V, reported by Ray Huttenmeister
	200m-Quick	No	237V, reported by Jeff Oldbean
	250 BAZ	Your Call	6.8V, reported by Mark Brooke-Smith
	320 BTZ	Yes, but…	5.66V reported by Dominique Dartois, but it won’t fire on a G2 — it actually turns off the flash circuitry in the camera! — though it functions on his mechanical Nikon F2
	1000-Auto Macro Lite (Ring Flash)	Yes	2.9V, reported by Jarno Verhoeven
	2000BTZ	No	254V, reported by Pasi Bergman, and 38.8V from Jaime Font Dominguez
	2200BA minitwin	No	225V, reported by Ray Huttenmeister
	3200BT-Twin-S	No	64V from David Cunningham
	3300 DTS	Your Call	10.7V from Roland Karlsson
	3600 BTV Twin	No	170V from Teemu Vertinen, 150V from Greg Clark
	3600 DS	Yes	4-5V, reported by Bob Ghysels
	4000AF	Yes	slightly under 6V, reported by “Ed” & Peter Cooke
Sunpak	Ringflash	Your call	6.85, measured by David Dodell
	“Digital Flash”	Your call	6.4-6.6V, reported by Geert Bosch,, 6.78V from Sandy Levenberg, (Though of course zero volts when used as a slave…)
	Remotelite II	Yes	4.12V, reported by Jeroen Haringman
	MG-1	Your Call	6.99V, reported by Kai Zhu
	GT8	No	200V, reported by Marcos Schwindt
	DS20	Your call	6.2-6.63V, reported by Marco Paganini
	25DX	Yes	5.46V, reported by Harold Kroeker
	Digi Robot 32	Yes	3.75, reported by Gary Hays
	GX14	No	160V, reported by Robert Rozee
	GX17	No	288V, tested by Jason Wiebe
	30DX	Your Call	10.4V, measured by Ted Pembroke, 7.5V down to 5V for Mon Francisco, but Fred Phillips got a mere 4.6V
	Auto 30SR	Your Call	6.4V, reported by Mike Richter
	Auto 36DX	Yup	2.4V, reported by Fred Phillips, &, 5.86V from Bob Rogers
	Auto 36FB	Your Call	15V, per Paul Nelson
	AP-52	No	144.8V, according to Kai Zhu, and, 188V by another netizen who sent a photo of his test rig, strobe, & reading…
	120 J	Your call	11.01V-11.6V (depnding on the meter used), measured by Sandy Levenberg,, 10.9-11.6V reported by Bryce Turner with varying batteries,, but 24.3V by Toney Hall
	Auto121	No	155-215V, measured by Lawrence Yau
	Auto124	No	203V, measured by Simon Block
	Auto130	NO	200V, measured by “dhamant”
	MX130	No	190, measured by Göran Samuelsson
	134	No	43.5V, measured by Janne Rajala
	Sp140	No	180V, measured by Hjalti Jakobsson
	144, (144pc?)	Yes… probably	5.8V, reported by Michael Kirby, 6V, reported by Martin B. Reinhardt, 6.8-6.95V, reported by Pierre Hurtubise, (Different batteries, or different versions of the same strobe?), 6.16V, per Sunpak (via Pierre H.)
	200	No	171.5V measured by Paul Lane
	Auto 221	No	173.5V measured by Robert VanTichelt
	Auto 221D	Your Call	9.26V measured by Akira So
	Auto 222	Your Call	6.7V measured by Dean Glanville
	Auto 240	No	38V measured by “Didier” en France
	244D	Your Call	7.55V measured by Dave Oshinsky
	Auto266SR	Yes	5.7V measured by “Zapped”
	Auto322	NO	227V (Jay Lorenzana reported a mere 149V, after a thorough test of his unit)
	Autozoom333	Your Call	7.9V measured by Roy Campbell
	333D	Yes	A big 2.0V measured by Tom Troughton, 4.24V from Kai Zhu
	344D	Yes	Actually reported as less than 0.25V, by Adam Rubinstein, (though Tony Bonanno’s rated 4V)
	355AF	Yes	5.36V, reported by “gpigg”
	383 Super	Your call	3.74V, per Colin Ethington;, 3.83, per Curtis Avery;, 6.85V, according to Sunpak’s techs;, 6.86V per Geoff McKnight, 6.8V per Phil Shima using a Quantum battery, 7.05V per Jon Boehm, & 10.29V from Dave Dill…, different batteries, different versions, or…?<p> Joe Templeton measured 7.2V and had a reassuring talk with Sunpak
	Auto 388	Your Call	7V, measured by Göran Samuelsson
	Auto411	No	193V, measured by Nick Adams
	422	Your Call	10.75-12V, measured by “Wayne”, 6V from Kent Fulcher (or is the 422D a different model? Richard Khanlian also measured 5.5V for his 422D)
	Auto431	No	30-50V, according to Marcus Bletz
	433	Your call	Reported at <8V
	433D	Your call	7.8V, according to Jeff Tokayer &, 6.4V measured by Kristina Sterling, but only ~4V from Gerald Wang, who also noticed some variation when using alkaline versus NiMH batteries, while, Peter Yund got 14V
	444, 444D	Your call	10.8V, according to Dave Grandeffo, who’s been using it for a couple of years on his, Coolpix950 without a hitch., Mike Flaherty got 11.49 and plans to use it on his D30, Harold Kroeker also got 11V with both Nikon and Contax adaptors
	Auto433AF	Your Call	7.52V, reported by Wade Herman, (6.9V, according to Sunpak’s spec reported by Mike Dubrow)
	522	Your call? ??	10.84V, measured by Charles E. Hunt III, but 170V reported by Martin B. Reinhardt and, 197V from Conrad Hoffman & 195V from “Adam”…, 22V from Ted Mishima — so be careful and check your strobe, there may be more than one edition of this unit out there!, Michael Foos checked with Sunpak, who reported “usually 190V.”
	544	Yes…	4.6V, reported by the mysterious “Tom”…, though 6.75V reported by Gary Hays
	555	Your call	6.67V on mine —, Ed White reported varying outputs from 4.1V to 6.9V., An email from Sunpak/Tocad assures me that no cameras have ever been harmed by a 555.
	611	Your Call	4V reported by Kent Fulcher, but, some old models will trigger at 190V, according to Tocad (via Jonas Lohr)
	622 Pro, (not Super)	Your Call	8V reported by Lou McLaughlin, 6.5V from Don Swanson
	622 Super	Your Call	8V, reported by Tim Brown
	888AFZ	Yes	5.8V, reported by Franck Michaud
	1600A	No	46.6V, measured by Andrew Hall
	Auto 2000 DZ	Yes	3V, measured by Ken Kane
	2600	No	73V, measured by Ted Richards
	Auto Zoom 3000	No	246V, measured by Pontus Fred
	Zoom 3600 thyristor	No	194V, measured by Ray Huttenmeister
	Auto Zoom 4000	No	200V, measured by Max Osmond
	Power Zoom 4000 AF	Yes	3.6V, measured by Kees Dorsman
	MS-4000 monolight	Yes	5.8V, measured by Alan Fairley
	4205G	Yes(?)	3.75V, measured by Igor Wesdorp, (6.*V from Göran Samuelsson and Arnoud Brouwer)
	PZ5000AF	Yes	5V, checked by “MikeTwo” thru ToCAD’s (Sunpak’s) own John Long
Topca	320BC	No	100-105V measured by Martin Marusak
	330CX	Yes	3.4V measured by Oto Durkovic
Toshiba	ES-7	No	250V, measured by Anton Douwe
	QCC-25MD	Your Call	11.4V, measured by Sean Phillips
	ES-30	Your Call	15V, measured by Ken Hardy
	312	Nope	197V, according to Göran Samuelsson
Tumax	DS20S	Yes (?)	~4-6V, measured by James K.W. Wong, who also received a mail from Tumax saying 6.8V!
	116	No	185V, measured by Kiriakos Triantafyllou
	988TWZ	Your Call	7.6V from Woo Fei Wing
Unomat	B14 Servo	No	190V measured by “Alchi”
	B20C	No	210V measured by Tom Mac Inerney
	320TCD	No	34V measured by James Tom
	P360TCT	No	160.3V measured by Luis Sousa
Vesta	Auto 1200A	No	25V measured by Louis Allard
Vivitar	100	No	270V, per Nigel Kirlew, and , 256V measured by Bambi Torres
	Auto Bounce 40D	Your Call	an oh-so-close 6.2V, per S. Ciccarelli, who’s happily using it on his Powershot G2
	AF-N 132, (Nikon)	Yes	~4V, from Per G. Østerlie
	161	No	~60V per Howie Hecht
	Auto 215	No	~i198V per Steve Orton
	253	No	200V, from BigWaveDave
	255	No	284V, checked by Greg Sutton
	272	No	240V, checked by “RoyDM”
	273	No	290V, also from Nigel Kirlew
	283	NO (old versions), Your call (new versions)	Older units have been reported as high as 600V!, Recent (post-‘87) revised 283’s (“Made in China”) are safer with modern cameras, running around 9-10V. Bob Atkins reports some as low as 5V. Recently units marked “Made in Korea” have also appeared… measured at 8v by Andrew Cassino and Tony Bonanno., Kevin Omura used a Quantum battery and got a hefty 261.4V out of his (sn3012330), while, Göran Samuelsson had two units with different voltages: 230V and 190V. Other reports have had similar variety, up to 270V.
	285	Your Call	7.45-7.8V, according to “Bob from MediaPlus.com,” Mike Dubbs, and “Steven at bellatlantic.net.”, Peter Savage checked his 285 and 285HV units, and read only 6V., Mike Flaherty measured around 8.5V on his 15-year-old 285, and feels safe using it on his EOS D30., Older units may rate higher., One correspondent had three units ranging from 8.3V to 33V…,  , Alan Latafat Correa checked with Vivitar and they clarified:, The 285HV has a voltage of 12V. The 285 has a voltage of 350V. Hope this helps you., (Thanks Alan!)
	365	No	46V, according to Kevin Omura
	530FC	Your Call	8.3V, according to Bob Thibodeau
	550FD	Your Call	8V, according to Ted Felix —, only 4.24V, per Stephen Sugiyama, and, 5V per Timothy Horn (serial 0031524) — but, 6.66V from Rick Zotz, 7.5V from Tri Do, and, 10.18V (serial 5031715) by John D. Duvall…</b>
	560D	Your Call	15V, according to Vivitar via John Faughnan
	Series One, 600 M/P/O (Minolta, Pentax, Olympus)	Your Call	8.7V, measured by “Keoeeit”
	628AF	Your Call	6.8V, according to Louis Carresi, using a Nikon shoe
	728AFC	Yes	5.77V, per Petteri Luukkanen
	730AFC	Yes	3.25-3.37V, per Neuz2U (Allen N)
	730AFM	Yes	6V, checked w/Vivitar by Ashish Bhutada
	Series 1, 836AFC	Your Call	3.6V, measured by Saul Gurdus
	1900	No	90V, measured by Samath Wije, 127.3V from Ted Coffey
	2000	No	54.4, measured by Greg Speth, but, 180V+ from Lou McLaughlin, who reports that Vivitar appears to have made completely different strobes with this same model number…., 202V from Chuck Roake too
	2500	Your Call	10.95V, measured by J. Mark Morris, 14.5V from Lou McLaughlin
	2600	No	148V, reported by Ted Felix
	2800	No?	140-170V, according to Bart Van Oudenhove, though Paul Durant reports his new one measured 20V., Dave Senciall says his G3 wouldn’t fire his 140V version,, and Jack Benson reported his 2800-D (same model?) returned only 4V…, & 33.6V, checked by Gunars Lucans
	3500	Yes(?)	6V, checked w/Vivitar by Bart Nathan, though Bart Daatselaar reported 9.1V from his —, Scott Slayman tried his with varying dedicated models and got varying voltages in the 4-7V range
	3700	Your call	9.1-9.4V, checked on four different units with a Fluke meter by Jim Sharp
	3900	Your call	9.9V, checked by Larry Wilson
	4600	Your call	19.5V, checked by Dave Grant
	4900 VT	Yes	4.2V, checked by Wolfgang Kurth
	Macroflash 5000	Yes	~6V, checked by Jay Philippbar
	5200	Your call	~9.4V, checked by “Dr. Droo” Baxter
	5250	Yup	5-6V depending on the module, checked by Jeff Wiseman
	7600	Your Call	7.5V w/new batteries, measured by Dennis Yep
Voigtlander	VC21B	No	118V measured by “rjsch”
Wein	Pro Sync 1, IR transmitter	Your call	15.18V, measured by Sandy Levenberg, (Newer model is reputedly 6V)
	Pro Sync LX-2	Your call	10.36V, measured by Jan C. Doddy
	200 Flash	No	122.7V measured Don Swanson
White Lightning	All	See listing under “Paul Buff”
WOC	WOC	Yes	5V reported by Matt Dovner
Woctron (“WOC”?)	250 PC Auto	Yes	5V reported by “Alex from Italy”
	2500 PC	Yes	5.5V reported by Dmitrios Papadopoulos
Yashica	CS-202	Your call	11V, reported by Mike Flynn
	CS-201 Auto	Your call	11.9V, reported by “Mike from Sweden”
	CS-221 Auto	Yes	A wee 1.75V, reported by Ken Kane
	CS-240 Auto	Your call	7.2V, reported by Andrzej Sosnowski

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